Complete Guide to Fishing Trolling Equipment

In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the intricacies of fishing trolling equipment, covering everything from downriggers and dipsy divers to planer boards and trolling motors. Whether you’re a seasoned angler looking to refine your skills or a beginner eager to learn the ropes, this article serves as your ultimate companion in the world of trolling.

Join us as we explore the nuances of each tool, providing practical tips and expert insights to help you navigate the waters with confidence and precision.

From achieving precise depth control with downriggers to harnessing the versatility of planer boards, discover how the right equipment can elevate your trolling game to new heights.

Down Riggers

How To Use

Mounting the Downrigger

• Before you begin fishing, ensure that your downrigger is securely mounted to your boat’s transom or gunwale. A sturdy mount is essential to prevent the downrigger from shifting or moving during use, especially when trolling at higher speeds or in rough water conditions.
• Depending on the type of downrigger you have (manual or electric), follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation and mounting. Ensure all bolts and fasteners are tight and secure.

Attaching the Downrigger Weight

• Downrigger weights come in various sizes and shapes, typically made of lead or other heavy materials. Choose a weight that matches the depth you intend to fish and the trolling speed you’ll be using.
• Attach the downrigger weight securely to the end of the downrigger cable using a sturdy snap or clip. Make sure the connection is strong and won’t come loose during use.

Lowering the Fishing Line

• With your bait or lure attached to the fishing line, position the rod in a rod holder near the downrigger.
• Clip the fishing line into the downrigger release clip, ensuring it’s securely held but can still be released when a fish strikes.
• Use the downrigger’s crank to lower the weight and fishing line into the water. Pay attention to the depth markings on the downrigger cable or use a depth finder to determine the desired depth for fishing.

Securing the Fishing Line

• Once the fishing line reaches the desired depth, secure it in the downrigger release clip. The release clip should hold the line firmly but release it when a fish strikes.
• Double-check the tension on the fishing line to ensure it’s not too tight or too loose. Proper tension allows the line to release smoothly when a fish bites.

Adjusting Depth with the Downrigger Crank

• Throughout your fishing trip, you may need to adjust the depth of your fishing line to target different water depths or fish behavior.
• Use the downrigger’s crank to raise or lower the weight, thereby adjusting the depth of your fishing line. Pay attention to any depth changes indicated on your depth finder or fishfinder.
• Experiment with different depths until you find the most productive zone where fish are actively feeding.

When To Use

Downriggers are the go-to tool for anglers looking to maintain precise control over the depth of their bait or lure while trolling.

Fish can be particular about the depth at which they feed, and downriggers ensure that your bait remains within their strike zone, even amidst changing conditions like wind direction, water temperature, or current.

Whether you’re using live bait, diving lures, swimbaits, spoons, or spinners, downriggers offer versatility across various fishing scenarios, from shallow to deep waters.

The mechanics behind downriggers are straightforward: they lower a weighted line, known as a cannonball or flash weight, to the desired depth and hold it steady until retrieval. A counter keeps track of the cable length, while the fishing line attaches to a release mechanism that frees it upon a fish strike, allowing for a seamless reel-in process.

Downriggers aren’t limited to deep-water fishing; they’re equally effective in shallower depths, particularly when targeting salmon and trout species. While other trolling methods exist for shallower depths, downriggers stand out for their unparalleled depth control and swift adjustments. 

Combining downriggers with tools like dipsy divers and planer boards provides a competitive advantage, ensuring precise depth coverage and increased fishing success.

Two main types of downriggers are available: manual and electric. Manual downriggers, operated via hand crank, are excellent entry-level options offering greater control over trolling presentations. They’re versatile enough for various boat sizes and setups, making them accessible to anglers of all levels. 

On the other hand, electric downriggers boast powerful motors capable of effortlessly lifting heavy weights at the push of a button. Advanced features like automatic retrieval and depth cycling streamline the fishing experience, enhancing productivity and simplicity.

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Species & Season

In New York State, particularly around the Great Lakes region, downriggers can be incredibly effective tools for targeting a variety of species throughout the fishing season. 

As the waters begin to warm up after winter, spring is an excellent time for targeting species like lake trout and brown trout using downriggers. These fish are often found in deeper waters during this time, making downriggers particularly effective for reaching them.

Additionally, spring can be a good time to target early-season salmon, such as Chinook and Coho.

These fish are often found in deeper waters during the warmer months, making downriggers essential for getting your baits or lures to the right depth.

Pike and musky can also be targeted using downriggers during the summer months, particularly in deeper parts of the lakes where they tend to roam.

Fall is another excellent season for downrigger fishing in New York, especially for species like lake trout, which often move into shallower waters as the temperatures cool down.

Additionally, fall is prime time for targeting salmon species like Chinook and Coho as they begin their annual spawning runs. Downriggers can be highly effective for targeting these fish as they move through the water column.

While downriggers are less commonly used during the winter months due to ice cover on many of the lakes, they can still be effective for targeting certain species like lake trout in areas where the water remains open. Ice fishing techniques often take precedence during winter, but downriggers can still be utilized in specific situations.

Dipsy Divers

How To Use

Setting Dipsy Diver Orientation

• The Dipsy Diver typically offers three settings: left, center, and right. Adjust the trip mechanism based on your desired diving depth and the direction you want the Dipsy Diver to pull your lure. Each setting determines the direction in which the Dipsy Diver will pull the fishing line, affecting the lure’s trajectory underwater.

Depth Adjustment

• The amount of fishing line released: The more line you let out, the deeper the diver will run.
• Depth chart readings are based on a trolling speed of 2.5 to 3.0 MPH using 20-lb. mono. For every one MPH faster or slower, the trolling depth achieved will increase or decrease by 10% respectively.
• Deep diving or large-billed lures can exert a significant downward force on the back of the Dipsy Diver ADD LINK, potentially causing it to roll over and surface, especially at settings of 2 or higher. Therefore, it’s recommended to use spoons, harnesses, and stick baits as they exert less downward force and are better suited for use with Dipsy Divers.

Monitoring and Adjusting

• Continuously monitor the performance of the Dipsy Diver by observing rod tips for indications of strikes or changes in trolling depth.
• Be prepared to adjust the trolling speed, line release, or Dipsy Diver settings to optimize fishing success and maintain the desired depth profile.

When To Use

The best time to utilize Dipsy Divers when trolling is when you aim to efficiently cover vast expanses of water while maximizing your chances of attracting and hooking fish.

Dipsy Divers offer distinct advantages over traditional lead weights, notably in their ability to reduce resistance and drag during retrieval, thanks to their fractional lead usage and planing surface design. 

This decreased resistance not only facilitates gear retrieval but also enhances the thrill of battling fish by minimizing terminal gear resistance.

Moreover, the unique mechanism of Dipsy Divers, where they lose pressure and drag when tripped, prevents fish from gaining leverage to throw hooks, thereby increasing your landing success. 

Additionally, Dipsy Divers double up as fish attractors due to their vibrant colors and shapes, making them particularly effective when trolling in unfamiliar waters or areas with scattered fish populations.

Their ease of operation, adaptability to both freshwater and saltwater trolling, and simplicity in rigging make them accessible to anglers of all skill levels. 

Furthermore, the multi-directional feature of Dipsy Divers enables you to cover a wide swath of water on each trolling pass, increasing your chances of drawing strikes from fish that might have otherwise been missed. 

By incorporating changes in speed and depth through zigzag or “S” pattern trolling, you can further enhance the erratic action of the Dipsy Diver and its trailing lure, enticing strikes from curious or cautious fish. Thus, Dipsy Divers are not only effective tools for locating fish quickly but also for maintaining a strategic and dynamic approach to trolling once fish have been located.

Species & Season

As temperatures rise, fish become more active and move closer to the surface to feed.

Spring is an excellent time for using dipsy divers, especially for targeting trout and salmon.

These fish are often found near the surface, making them accessible to divers set at shallower depths.

In the Finger Lakes, for instance, targeting landlocked salmon in the spring with dipsy divers can be very productive.

In summer, many fish species, such as lake trout and smallmouth bass, move to deeper, cooler waters as temperatures rise.

Dipsy divers are effective tools for reaching these depths, maximizing your chances of hooking into these prized catches.

Trolling with dipsy divers along the thermocline in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, for example, can yield impressive results.

Fall is a prime season for using dipsy divers near New York State. As water temperatures cool down, salmon and trout become more active and aggressive.

Dipsy divers can be used to target these fish at various depths depending on their feeding patterns and the water conditions. Trolling near river mouths and along drop-offs can be particularly productive during the fall months.

While less common, trolling with dipsy divers in winter is still possible, especially in larger lakes like Lake Ontario where parts of the water remain ice-free due to their size and depth. Dipsy divers can be used to target trout and salmon that stay active throughout the winter months.

Planer Boards

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How To Use

Select the Right Board

• Choose planer boards suitable for your trolling conditions (e.g., inline boards for calm water, larger boards for rough water).
• Consider factors like board size, buoyancy, and visibility.

Attach the Board

• Securely attach the planer board to the fishing line using provided clips or releases.
• Ensure the attachment is firm yet allows the board to move freely along the line.

Depth Adjustment

• Use fish finders or knowledge of the species to determine the optimal depth.
• Adjust the depth by adding weights or changing the length of line between the board and lure.

Deployment

• With the fishing rod in hand, slowly let out the line with the planer board attached.
• Allow the board to move away from the boat, spreading out the lines horizontally.

Monitoring

• Keep an eye on the tension in the line to detect strikes.
• Utilize indicators like flags or lights to signal when a fish takes the bait.

Trolling Technique

• Maintain a consistent trolling speed, adjusting as needed based on species and water conditions.
• Use GPS or speed indicators to maintain the desired trolling speed.

Multiple Lines Management

• If using multiple planer boards, stagger them along the sides of the boat to cover a broader area of water.
• Ensure lines are spread out to prevent tangles and maximize coverage.

When To Use

Planer boards are a versatile tool for anglers, offering strategic advantages whether fishing in rivers or trolling from a boat. In river fishing, smaller side planers provide less resistance, ideal for lightweight setups like plugs or spin-n-glo’s. 

They’re adept at maneuvering in currents, helping position your bait precisely where fish are likely to bite. Experimenting with depths and lures is key to optimizing their effectiveness.

For boat trolling, larger planer boards revolutionize the experience, enabling anglers to manage multiple lines without the headache of tangles. By spreading out presentations, they cover more water effectively. 

Different release mechanisms indicate when a fish is hooked, from lever-style to flag indicators. The effectiveness of planer boards lies in their ability to lure fish away from potentially spooking factors, such as boat motors, and cover a wider range than the traditional straight-lining. 

However, anglers must practice etiquette, especially in crowded waters, ensuring boards don’t interfere with other boats and remain visible to prevent accidents. 

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Species & Season

In the renowned waters of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, anglers can chase after prized species like Chinook and Coho salmon.

During the spring and summer months, these lakes teem with activity as salmon migrate closer to shore in search of baitfish. 

Planer boards come into their own during this season, allowing anglers to efficiently cover vast expanses of water and present baits or lures at various depths and distances from the boat. This method increases the likelihood of enticing these powerful salmon to strike, providing thrilling battles for anglers.

Moving inland, New York’s rivers and streams offer excellent opportunities for trout fishing, particularly during the spring and fall seasons.

Whether you’re casting lines in the legendary waters of the Catskill region or exploring the picturesque Finger Lakes, planer boards can be invaluable tools for targeting trout.

By spreading out lines and covering more territory, anglers can locate schools of trout more effectively, whether trolling with lures or presenting bait rigs.

Additionally, planer boards can be effective for targeting other popular species found in New York’s waters, such as walleye, bass, and northern pike, which are often active during the warmer months.

Trolling motors

How To Use

Preparation 

• Securely mount the trolling motor to the bow or stern of your boat according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Use the appropriate mounting hardware and ensure it’s firmly attached.
• Determine the power source for your trolling motor. If it’s electric, make sure the battery is fully charged. If it’s gas-powered, ensure there’s enough fuel in the tank.

Powering On the Trolling Motor

• Electric Motor: Turn on the trolling motor by pressing the power button on the control panel. Some models may have a key or a switch to activate it.
• Gas-Powered Motor: Prime the engine according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Then, pull the starter cord or turn the ignition key to start the motor.

Adjusting Speed and Direction

• Most trolling motors offer variable speed settings. Start at a low-speed setting and gradually increase as needed. Use the speed control buttons or throttle to adjust the speed.
• Use the directional control features to steer the boat. This may involve a tiller handle, foot pedal, or remote control depending on the model. Push or pull the handle or pedal in the desired direction to turn the boat.

Understanding Battery Management

• Monitor the battery level regularly, especially if your trolling motor is electric. Most trolling motors have a battery indicator to show the remaining charge. Bring a spare battery or a charger if planning for extended use.

Navigating Safely

• Keep an eye on your surroundings, including other boats, obstacles, and shallow waters. Always maintain a safe distance from other vessels and be aware of any navigational hazards.

Safety Precautions

• Keep hands, feet, and loose clothing away from moving parts of the trolling motor. Follow all safety guidelines provided by the manufacturer.
• Spend time on the water practicing with the trolling motor to improve your skills. Experiment with different speed settings and steering techniques to find what works best for you.

When To Use

Their quiet operation and ability to navigate through shallow areas make them perfect companions for fishing in marshes, flats, and near shorelines.

Moreover, they excel in maintaining precise boat positioning, especially in areas with strong currents or winds, where maintaining stability is crucial for successful fishing. 

The quiet approach facilitated by trolling motors is invaluable, ensuring that fishermen can approach fishing spots without alarming the fish, thus increasing their chances of a successful catch. 

Additionally, their maneuverability comes in handy when navigating through dense vegetation, submerged obstacles, or narrow passages, allowing fishermen to access prime fishing spots that would otherwise be inaccessible. 

In calm weather conditions, when the main engine might create too much disturbance, trolling motors offer a gentle and controlled movement, preserving the tranquility of the fishing environment. 

Furthermore, these motors serve practical purposes beyond fishing, aiding in docking and launching, particularly in areas with limited space or challenging maneuverability.

Overall, trolling motors stand as versatile tools that empower fishermen with greater control, maneuverability, and flexibility, enhancing their fishing experiences across diverse environments and conditions.

Trolling Motor Batteries

How To Use

Charging the Battery

• Before using the trolling motor, ensure that the battery is fully charged. Plug the battery charger into a power source and connect it to the battery according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 
• Allow the battery to charge completely before disconnecting it from the charger.

Installing the Battery

• Once the battery is fully charged, install it securely in your boat’s battery compartment. Ensure that the battery terminals are clean and free of corrosion. 
• Connect the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the battery to the corresponding terminals on the trolling motor.

Monitoring Battery Level

• Keep an eye on the battery level throughout your boating trip. Most trolling motors have a battery indicator that shows the remaining charge. 
• Avoid depleting the battery completely, as this can shorten its lifespan. 
• If the battery level starts to get low, consider reducing the trolling motor’s speed or switching to a spare battery if available.

Conserving Battery Power

• To prolong the battery’s runtime, use the trolling motor conservatively. 
• Avoid running the motor at maximum speed for extended periods, as this can drain the battery quickly. Instead, use lower speed settings whenever possible and only increase the speed when necessary.

Recharging the Battery

• Once you’re done using the trolling motor, recharge the battery as soon as possible. Avoid leaving the battery in a discharged state for an extended period, as this can lead to sulfation and reduce its overall lifespan. 
• Connect the battery to the charger and allow it to recharge fully before your next boating trip.

Storing the Battery

• When the trolling motor battery is not in use, store it in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. 
• Ensure that the battery is fully charged before storing it, as a partially charged battery can freeze in cold temperatures.

Routine Maintenance

• Check the battery terminals regularly for corrosion and clean them if necessary. 
• Inspect the battery casing for any signs of damage or leakage, and replace the battery if needed.

When To Use

A fisherman relies on a trolling motor battery as the essential power source for their electric trolling motor, ensuring smooth propulsion through the water during fishing expeditions.

Whether navigating remote waters or silently maneuvering through shallow areas, the trolling motor battery serves as a dependable energy reservoir, allowing for extended fishing trips without interruption. 

Its role becomes paramount in providing silent operation, crucial for stealthy approaches in calm waters or when targeting elusive fish species.

Additionally, the battery’s portability and ability to function without access to electrical outlets make it indispensable for off-grid fishing adventures. 

With spare batteries onboard, fishermen can maintain an uninterrupted power supply, ensuring they can continue fishing even if one battery depletes. Moreover, the battery’s quiet operation ensures minimal disturbance to the surrounding environment, contributing to a serene fishing experience. 

Overall, the trolling motor battery stands as a cornerstone of efficient and effective fishing, enabling fishermen to navigate various water conditions and pursue their catch with confidence and precision.

Finishing Notes 

Trolling equipment is essential for anglers seeking precision and efficiency on the water.

From downriggers for depth control to planer boards for expanded coverage, each tool serves a specific purpose in optimizing fishing success.

By mastering the functionality and proper usage of these tools, anglers can enhance their trolling experience and increase their chances of landing prized catches. Whether fishing in freshwater lakes or navigating coastal waters, the right equipment is paramount for achieving the desired results.

In conclusion, investing time in learning about and utilizing trolling equipment effectively can significantly improve fishing outcomes and overall enjoyment of the water.